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ePaper created 2017-03-14, 10:25:37 | version 1.49.03
CHEMISTRY AND PROCESS INDUSTRY O O R OH OH OH CH2 CH3 n n OR1 O HO O O O CH3 O R2O O OH OH 1 2 3 O O OH MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF BASIC CHEMICALS AND SCALE-UP OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES Sus ann e Z ib e k , Bj ö r n Vate r, G e o rg G e i g e r Industrial biotechnology – alternative for chemistry We are researching and optimizing a wide range of fermenta- Two advantages of microbiological production of basic chemicals are mild reaction conditions and high speciicity; in addition, the multitude of different microorganisms means that product diversity is nearly inexhaustible. Thus, products dificult to acquire through chemical synthesis can also be produced. Moreover, microbial production allows the use of substrates based on renewable raw materials. Therefore, it offers alternative solutions for chemicals based on fossil resources. Development from biocatalyst to puriied product The Industrial Biotechnology group of Fraunhofer IGB is de- veloping processes for the production of platform chemicals using renewable resources. The main focus is on establishing, optimizing and scaling of bioconversion processes in which biogenic resources are converted to basic chemicals either by microorganisms (bacteria, yeast or fungal culture) or by enzymes. Our range of services includes selection and opti- mization of biocatalysts, development of suitable conversion processes on a laboratory scale and their transfer into pilot or up to m3-scale. Within process development, we look at all rel- evant parameters such as temperature, pO2, OUR, CER and RQ or composition of the medium and establish perfectly adjusted mineral salt media and feeding strategies (repeated-batch, fed- batch or continuous culture management). On the basis of a statistical evaluation of all process parameters, we irst transfer the optimal process from the shake lask to the fermenter (scale-over) and then into technical and pilot scale (scale-up). In addition, the downstream processing of products is enhanced. 8 8 tive processes for the production of basic chemicals such as organic acids or dicarboxylic acid with great application potential, for example as building blocks for polymers or plasticizers. Furan dicarboxylic acid During the development of a furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) production process, we were able to successfully establish whole cell catalysis with Pseudomonas putida by adding hy- droxymethylfurfural from biomass containing lignocellulose. In the laboratory, we were able to achieve a yield of more than 80 percent at a concentration up to 20 g / L FDCA through precise reaction control. The subsequent scale-up was carried out in model experiments with scalable reactors or fermenters in the laboratory. The dimensionless key igures selected in these experiments allowed us to adapt the processes to the larger scale of a pilot plant. Long-chain dicarboxylic acids For long-chain dicarboxylic acids from oils, our processes were optimized in order to simplify subsequent puriication. Thus, we were able to increase the biomass concentration to cx = 21 g / L dry biomass and the product formation rate to up to rP = 0.44 g / L / h using a process with exponential supplementary feeding rate. A maximum product concentration of cP ≅ 100 g / L was achieved for 1,18-octadec-9-enoic acid.