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ePaper created 2014-05-07, 13:23:14 | version 1.30.01
79 Dr. Kirsten Borchers Phone +49 711 970-4121 kirsten.borchers@igb.fraunhofer.de References [1] Hoch, E.; Schuh, C.; Hirth, T.; Tovar, G. E. M.; Borchers, K. (2012) Stiff gelatin hydrogels can be photo-chemically synthe- sized from low viscous gelatin solutions using molecularly func- tionalized gelatin with a high degree of methacrylation, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 23: 2607 – 2617 [2] Hoch, E.; Hirth, T.; Tovar, G. E. M.; Borchers, K. (2013) Chemi- cal tailoring of gelatin to adjust its chemical and physical proper- ties for functional bioprinting, Journal of Materials Chemistry B. The Royal Society of Chemistry 1: 5675 – 5685 [3] Engelhardt, S.; Hoch, E.; Borchers, K.; Meyer, W.; Krüger, H.; Tovar, G. E. M.; Gillner, A. (2011) Fabrication of 2D protein mi- crostructures and 3D polymer-protein hybrid microstructures by two-photon polymerization, Biofabrication 3: 025003 Funding We would like to thank the Max Buchner Research Foundation for funding this research. characteristics of the biomolecule solution must be well-con- trolled prior to crosslinking and the viscosity must be kept low. The twofold modification of the biomolecules, with crosslink- ing groups on one hand and with additional non-crosslinking units on the other, enables the properties of the non-cross linked solutions and those of the crosslinked hydrogels to be adjusted independently. It is thereby possible to print chon- drocytes in the gelatin-based “bio-inks” onto suitable sub- strates using inkjet printing [2]. Biomimetic biomaterials: a model for the future The material systems shown here therefore have three proper- ties that especially qualify them for constructing functional tissue models: (1) They are based on natural extracellular matrix biomol- ecules. (2) They can be adjusted to the mechanical properties of vari- ous tissues. (3) They can be made into the desired structures using addi- tive digital process such as 3D printing [3]. This means they have great future potential to contribute to the construction of functional tissue-replacement materials. 1 Chemical derivatization of gelatin with crosslinkable functions and functions to control viscosity and gel strength. 2 Covalently crosslinked gelatin hydrogels with varying mass proportions. Left: 10 wt%, middle: 20 wt%, right: 30 wt%. 3 Chondrocytes with typical spherical morphology in hybrid hydrogels made of gelatin and chondroitin sulphate (below) and chondrocytes with atypical elongated morphology in pure gelatin hydrogels (top). 4 5 4 Unmodified gelatin gel (left) at room temperature. The non- gelling bio-ink based on modified gelatin (right) is ready for inkjet-printing. 5 Inkjet-printing of gelatin-based bio-ink containing chondrocytes. Contact